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Georgetown University Questionnaire

Introduction:
The following are the results of a questionnaire given to students of Georgetown University, following a lecture delivered on September 13, 1995.
1. Do you think that the dropping of the A-bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was necessary?
Yes. 39% ||| No. 61%
If "yes," why do you think so?
1) Because it hastened the end of the war. 45%
2) Because it saved potential American casualties. 30%
3) Because of the competition with the Soviet Union. 12%
4) In order to examine the effects of the A-bomb. 6%
5) Because the Manhattan Project already cost much. 1%
6) Other reason, if any. 6%
* Execution of power was necessary to stop the Imperial Japanese army's brutal acts in Asia. But the atomic bombs also killed innocent people.
* The atomic bombs saved lives of people in mainland Japan.
* That was war. It is ridiculous to ask whether the bombing was necessary.
* Japan itself was developing nuclear weapons at that time. And they would have used them if they were successful.

2. Do you think the revision of the American historical views on Hiroshima and Nagasaki is necessary?
Yes. 74% ||| No. 26%
* The United States should no longer justify or sanctify the bombing.
* Americans have been informed so little about Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Now that we can listen to opinions of other nations, it is necessary to revise historical views.
* We haven't recognized the brutal acts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
* In order to accept Japan's apology about the last World War, we should also change our perception on the bombing.
* Reflection of history is necessary to avoid more atomic bombing.
* Revising of historical view is necessary. But aren't there excessive revisionist views?
* Do you remember who started the war first? The U.S. did what was necessary.
* We should accept other people's opinions although we can't always decide "correct" or "incorrect" about the past, historical events. Moreover, we don't always have to rectify those opinions.

3. Do you believe in nuclear deterrence?
(i. e. By possessing nuclear weapons, mass destruction weaponry, a state can prevent others from attacking it.)
Yes. 46% ||| No. 54%
* Abolishment of nuclear weapons is ideal. But countries who have nuclear weapons must continue to rely on the principle of nuclear deterrent.
* As the Cold War proved, nuclear deterrent is effective. (We haven't had any nuclear wars in the past 50 years.)
* Now that the Cold War is over, the idea of nuclear deterrent should be changed.
* Isn't it apparent that the principle is of no use?
* Nuclear deterrent is merely a method for great powers to maintain their superiority in the international relations of power.
* Possible global destruction by nuclear weapons is too dreadful.
* Ask (French President) Chirac!!

4. Do you support:
  1. The complete disuse (abolishment) of all existing nuclear weapons. 67%
  2. The reduction of nuclear weapons. 29%
  3. Neither the disuse nor reduction of nuclear weapons. 4%

5. On nuclear testing.
  1. I strongly support the comprehensive ban of nuclear testing. 71%
  2. To some extent, I support the comprehensive ban of nuclear testing. 22%
  3. I do not support the comprehensive ban of nuclear testing. 7%

6. On nuclear testing by China and France. Given the fact that the United States developed its nuclear weapon technology through a number of nuclear testing in the past, do you think:
  1. France, China, or any country has a right to develop its nuclear technology. 19%
  2. No country has a right to perform nuclear testing, which badly affects the environment. 57%
  3. The U.S. can dissuade France and China somehow. 24%
* Testing is all right if it is aimed at achieving equivalence of power.
* France says it will no longer conduct nuclear testing. (believe it or not.)
* Great powers must do away with egoism. The time is over when power justifies everything.
* The United States may be able to play a leading role to peacefully solve the problem, for example by supplying nuclear technology and information to other countries.
* They can't justify their actions, but we can't criticize them either.
* China and France have rights to develop nuclear weapons, but it is against morality.
* There are several ways that nuclear testing won't destruct ecology.
* Who can ever promote the ban on nuclear testing and the abolishment of nuclear weapons? (The U.S., the United Nations, or other ways?)

7. Of the following items, what are you concerned with most?
  1. Proliferation of nuclear weapons. 58%
  2. Nuclear testing. 20%
  3. Rise of defense related budget as a result of nuclear projects. 17%
  4. Other (related to nuclear weapons). 5%
* Terrorists' acquiring nuclear weapons.
* Environmental destruction by nuclear power development.
* Spread of nuclear weapons to the Third World.
* Nuclear attack by an apparent loser in international relations.
* Revisionists of history, like you.

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